COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Introduction  17 to behave similarly. Providing pictures of dolphins swimming together could also be helpful. The second rule that will contribute to a manageable and pleasant environ- ment is that there can be no noise (which is different from no sound), ensuring that your challenges, directions, and follow-up questions can be heard at all times, with no need for shouting. To phrase this positively, explain that the chil- dren are to move as quietly as possible. You can accomplish this by establishing a signal that indicates it is time to stop, look, and listen: “Stop, look at me, and listen for what comes next.” Choose a signal the children should watch for, like two fingers held in the air, or something they must listen for—like a hand clap, a strike on a triangle, or three taps on a drum—and make it their “secret code.” A whistle is generally not suitable, as it can be heard above a great deal of noise, which means the children will know they can create a ruckus and still hear your signal. (In the same way that a whisper is more effective than a shout, you want a quieter signal that the children have to be listening for.) Nor will your voice be effective, as it is heard so often by the children. If a child still acts out, distracting or endangering other children, ask the child to sit on the sidelines and act as audience. However, give him or her the responsibility of deciding when to rejoin the activities by stating, “When you are ready to join us again, let me know.” Whether the child is on the sidelines by request or is simply reluctant to participate, she or he should be allowed to observe only. In general, as in all matters relating to movement education, a positive attitude is the key. Movement activities should take place in a friendly, encour- aging, and fun atmosphere, balanced with some basic ground rules for human behavior. This atmosphere, together with the fact that the children are experi- encing success, will ensure that behavioral problems will be minimal. Suggested Attire Whenever possible, the children should move in unrestrictive clothing—for obvious reasons. The most important contribution to effective movement is probably the bare foot. COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL